Darius Sabaitis

Klausimas. Naujai priimamas į darbą asmuo, siekdamas įrodyti savo lojalumą įmonei, parašė direktoriui prašymą, kad į jo darbo sutartį būtų įtrauktas punktas, jog pirmuosius darbo metus darbuotojas neis kasmetinių atostogų.

Darbdavys, remdamsis Civilinio kodekso 6.156 straipsnio 4 dalyje įtvirtinta norma, kad ,,sutarties sąlygas šalys nustato savo nuožiūra “, šį prašymą tenkino. Pakomentuokite situaciją.

Atsakymas. Remiantis Lietuvos Respublikos civilinio kodekso (toliau – CK) 6.157 str. reikia pažymėti, kad šalys savo susitarimu negali pakeisti, apriboti ar panaikinti imperatyviųjų teisės normų galiojimo ir taikymo, nepaisant to, kokia teisė – nacionalinė ar tarptautinė – šias normas nustato. Imperatyviųjų teisės normų pasikeitimas po sutarties sudarymo neturi įtakos sutarties sąlygoms.

Remiantis šia nuostata reikia pažymėti, kad Lietuvos Respublikos darbo kodekso (toliau – DK) 165 str. 1 d. nustatoma, jog kasmetinės atostogos – tai kalendorinėmis dienomis skaičiuojamas laikotarpis, suteikiamas darbuotojui pailsėti ir darbingumui susigrąžinti, paliekant darbo vietą (pareigas) ir mokant vidutinį darbo užmokestį.

Tai yra imperatyvi teisės norma, kuria remiantis reikia daryti išvadą, jog remiantis kiekviena sudaryta darbo sutartimi pagal DK ir kitus teisės aktus, galiojančius Lietuvoje, darbuotojas priklausomai nuo darbo stažo bei kitų aplinkybių, įgyja teisę į kasmetines atostogas ir tokios teisės negalima iš jo atimti ar apriboti.

Vadinasi, DK yra speciali teisės norma, reglamentuojanti darbo santykius Lietuvoje.

Todėl, lyginant DK su CK nuostatomis, reikia pažymėti, kad turi būti taikytinas DK, taigi tokia darbo sutarties nuostata yra niekinė ir negaliojanti.

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