Rasa Rukšėnaitė

Klausimas. Man 46 m. Įmonėje 5 m. dirbu neterminuota darbo sutartimi inžinieriaus technologo pareigose pagal savo specialybę. Su darbu susitvarkiau gerai.

Š. m. gegužės mėnesį susirgau onkologine liga ir gydžiausi. 180 dienų turėjau laikino nedarbingumo pažymą, kuriai pasibaigus gavau laikiną (1m.) neįgalumą – darbingumo lygis 40 proc. Išvadoje dėl darbo pobūdžio ir sąlygų nurodyta: rekomenduojama dirbti ne visą darbo dienos arba darbo savaitės darbo laiką, kitų išvadoje nurodytų draudžiamų rizikos veiksnių mano darbe nėra.

Remdamasis minėta išvada darbdavys teigia, kad pagal Darbo Inspekcijos reikalavimą, jis privalo man sutrumpinti darbo dieną iki 4 valandų, ir, kadangi aš nesugebėsiu atlikti darbo per 4 valandas (pažeisiu darbdavio interesus), jis mane atleidžia pagal DK 136 str. 1 dalies 4 punktą, be įspėjimo.

Kito darbo pasiūlyti negali, nes įmonėje nėra darbo pagal mano specialybę 4 valandų darbo dienai, o naujos pareigybės neturi galimybės sukurti.

Norėčiau paklausti :

1. Ar teisus darbdavys, teigdamas, kad, pagal Darbo inspekcijos reikalavimus su tokia neįgalumo išvadoje nuorodyta rekomendacija aš galiu dirbti tik 4 val. Ir tuo remdamasis mane atleidžia  pagal  DK 136 str. 1 dalies 4 punktą?

2. Ar darbingumo lygis 40 proc. reiškia, kad galiu dirbti tik 40% darbo dienos ar darbo savaitės darbo laiko?

3. Įmonėje šiuo metu dėl sunkios ekonominės padėties darbo laikas sutrumpintas iki 35 valandų darbo savaitės, t.y. 1 val. kasdien. Įmonės darbuotojai šiuo metu dirba 35 val. per savaitę. Ar galima man su tokia neįgalumo išvada dirbti 35 val. per savaitę?

Pateikiame atsakymus į klausimus:

1. Ar teisus darbdavys, teigdamas, kad, pagal Darbo inspekcijos reikalavimus su tokia neįgalumo išvadoje nurodyta rekomendacija aš galiu dirbti tik 4 val. Ir tuo remdamasis mane atleidžia  pagal  DK 136 str. 1 dalies 4 punktą?

Atsižvelgiant į tai, kad pažymoje yra nurodyta, kad darbuotojui rekomenduojama dirbti ne visą darbo laiką, negalima teigti, kad darbuotojas turi dirbti ne daugiau kaip 4 valandas. Konkretus laikas turi būti nustatytas atsižvelgiant į darbo pobūdį, jo intensyvumą, galimą žalą sveikatai ir kitus faktorius.

Taip pat pastebėtina, kad tai tik rekomendacija, o ne privalomas nurodymas, t.y. Jeigu darbuotojas sutinka, jis gali dirbti ir visą darbo dieną. Tuo būdu, manytume, kad darbuotojo negalėtų būti atleistas vadovaujantis  minėtu Lietuvos Respublikos darbo kodekso (toliau – DK) straipsniu.

2. Ar darbingumo lygis 40 proc. reiškia, kad galiu dirbti tik 40 proc.  darbo dienos ar darbo savaitės darbo laiko?

Vadovaujantis Lietuvos Respublikos neįgaliųjų socialinės integracijos įstatymu, jei asmeniui nustatoma 30–55 procentų darbingumo, asmuo laikomas iš dalies darbingu.

3. Įmonėje šiuo metu dėl sunkios ekonominės padėties darbo laikas sutrumpintas iki 35 valandų darbo savaitės, t.y. 1 val. kasdien. Įmonės darbuotojai šiuo metu dirba 35 val. per savaitę. Ar galima man su tokia neįgalumo išvada dirbti 35 val. per savaitę?

Jeigu nebuvo nustatyta daugiau jokių sąlygų, o tik rekomendacija dirbti ne visą darbo laiką, manytina, kad darbuotojas gali dirbti 35 valandas per savaitę (7 valandas per dieną).

Aukščiau pateikta informacija yra bendro pobūdžio konsultacija ir negali būti vertinama kaip teisinė išvada ar konsultacija, pritaikyta konkrečiam atvejui. Dėl konsultacijų konkrečiais klausimais patariame kreipkitės į „Teisės tilto“ teisininkus.

„Teisės tiltas“

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www.teisestiltas.lt

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